Cultural Attitudes Toward Prolonging Life Essay

A 25-year-old woman is dying of cancer. She has asked the â€Å"no extreme procedures be used to prolong life.† She is now comatose and can be kept alive only with machines. How would you decide whether her will should be respected? This question was given in class and the majority of my group responded that they would not go to any extreme measures to keep the 25-year-old woman alive. The majority of the group reasons were that it was her will and if that what she wanted then that’s what should happen. Another reason my group decided to go along with the woman’s will is the fact that medical procedures are very costly. One more reason my group decided to go along with the woman’s will is because she is suffering from an illness and it would be in her best interest not to have to suffer anymore. Although the majority of the group decided no to go to any extremes to prolong her life, I decided not to give up on life. I know that it might sound selfish on my part but life is a very special gift. My grandfather was a victim of cancer and he, despite all of the suffering he endured, wanted to stay alive for as long as he could. He wanted to remain a strong influence on how is family viewed life. Through the radiation treatments and constants visits to doctors he never gave up on his life. I can remember him saying â€Å"Baby I’m sick but I’m here with you and it makes the pain seem a bit more bearable.† Through this I learned never to give up on life even when it seem like there is no hope left.

Principles of safeguarding and protection in health and social care Essay

Task A Booklet Create a booklet about safeguarding, which can be used as a reminder for people who work in the care profession. The booklet must: Ai Describe in your own words what is meant by the following types of abuse: †¢ Physical abuse – Body harm. Bruising, fear†¦ †¢ Sexual abuse – Forcing sexual behaviour. Bruising around genital areas, fear from p/care†¦ †¢ Emotional/psychological abuse –Verbal abuse to maintain power and control, taking empowerment away from an individual. Fear of guving opinions or speaking out loud†¦ †¢ Financial abuse –Taking money or making somebody financially dependant. Money keep on disappearing from a wallet. †¢ Institutional abuse – Setting unflexible time frames Having a strict schedule for diferent timings. †¢ Self neglect – Not taking care of ones needs by themself. Poor hygiene, dirty clothes†¦ †¢ Neglect by others – Needs being unattended to by people that could support & assist. Malnutrition, poor hygiene†¦ Aii Identify signs and symptoms of the different types of abuse Aiii Explain the correct actions to take if you suspect an individual is being abused If an individual is suspected of being abused, I should inform my superior and keep an eye out for any possible developments, try to bring the subject up in conversation with the individual in a sensitive & respectful way. Aiv Explain the correct actions to take if an individual tells you they are being abused Listen calmly and patiently, try to comfort them, inform the manager of the home of what is going on, call the care workers & the police. Av Identify how to ensure that any evidence of abuse is kept  safe Make an accurate written record of any conversations that are relevant between the service user & I, ensure written records are in a safe place, body map any kind of bruising or injuries, try to keep it all as it was until police investigators arrive Avi Identify the national policies that set out requirements for safeguarding individuals. the ADSS-led national, ‘Safeguarding Adults’ network Avii Identify the local and organisational systems for safeguarding Our Isle of Wight government is committed to the protection of any adult at risk of abuse as a high priority. Aviii Explain the roles of different agencies and professionals that are involved in safeguarding individuals Police, criminal (assault, fraud, theft, domestic violence) Council, to protect people using their service – make sure they’re safe. Extend help where needed to support those experiencing abuse and neglect in their own homes Social Workers, To investigate actual or suspected abuse or neglect CRB, to check an individuals past to see if they have any criminal convictions. I as a care worker to support the individual. Aix Identify sources of advice, support and information to help social care workers understand their own role in safeguarding Our company safeguarding file in the care office  National charity working to protect and prevent the abuse of vulnerable older adults: Action on –Elder Abuse National helpline offering advice and support to vulnerable people who have experienced crime or abuse: Voice UK A range of information, advice, advocacy, and practical help services for older people: Age Concern Southwark Support and advice for people living with a learning disability: Mencap Free and confidential help for victims of crime, witnesses and their family or friends: Victim Support Help for people with Down’s syndrome to live full and rewarding live: Downs Syndrome Association National charity providing services and support to deafblind people: Deafblind UK Task B Research and Account Identify two reports on serious failures to protect individuals from abuse. Write an account that describes the unsafe practices in the reviews. Abuse can happen anywhere anytime, but especially to vulnerable people, ie Children, elderly people, people with disabilities, people with learning difficulties. It can even happen in places people should be safe, ie hospitals, residential/ nursing homes, schools, daycare/ nurseries, centres etc. I researched two cases reported for abuse. The Winterbourne case which was nationally reported, and a local abuse case of East Sussex (Child G), the Winterbourne case was more of a physical an emotional abuse, whilst that Child Gs case was of sexual abuse of a child under 16 and abduction. The Winterbourne case was reported nationally because it was such a disgusting mistreatment of vulnerable people, 11 members of staff were caught on cctv after visitors and patients complained about mistreatments. The evidence that was captured showed physical abuse such as, slapping, poking eyes, pulling hair, even as unbelievable as trapping them under chairs, and soaking residents in freezing cold water. It also showed emotional and verbal abuse in the form of name calling. This was an inhumane mistreatment of vulnerable individuals, the effective and humane delivery of assessments and treatments was not provided. The report which is published finds that Castlebeck Care Ltd (Teesdale) was not compliant with 10 of the essential standards which the law requires providers must meet. CQC’s findings can be found below. The managers did not ensure that major incidents were reported to the Care Quality Commission as required. Planning and delivery of care did not meet people’s individual needs. They did not have robust systems to assess and monitor the quality of services. They did not identify, and manage, risks relating to the health, welfare and safety of patients. They had not responded to or considered complaints and views of people about the service. Investigations into the conduct of staff were not robust and had not safeguarded people. They did not take reasonable steps to identify the possibility of abuse and prevent it before it occurred. They did not respond appropriately to allegations of abuse. They did not have arrangements in place to protect the people against unlawful or excessive use of restraint. They did not operate effective  recruitment procedures or take appropriate steps in relation to persons who were not fit to work in care settings. They failed in their responsibilities to provide appropriate training and supervision to staff. The centre was closed after NHS and local commissioners had found alternative locations for the clients acting in their best interest, there was a failure to report any of these incedents, staff that were not involved in the abuse should have reported it, knowledge about a crime and not doing anything about it is just as being a criminal yourself. The other report I identified was of a young 15 year old girl in East Sussex named as child G, she was abducted by her teacher Mr K in 2012, with whom she had been maintaining a sexual relationship with since around her 15 birthday, identifies serious concerns relating to school’s actions, including: failure to identify the abuse and exploitation of Child G; fixed thinking; failure to hear concerns raised by students; failure to involve Child G’s mother; insufficient recognition of Mr K’s inappropriate use of Twitter to communicate with Child G; and serious concerns with the ways in which information was recorded, stored, retrieved and provided for the review. Identifies procedural failings in police handling of allegations relating to inappropriate images of Mr K on Child G’s phone. Makes various interagency and single agency recommendations covering: East Sussex Local Safeguarding Children Board, children’s services, school and police services. Mr K was found guilty of abduction and admitted a number of charges of sexual activity with a child under 16-years; he received a custodial sentence of 5-and-a-half-years. Task C – Short Answer Questions Ci Explain what a social care worker must do if they become aware of unsafe practice. Explain the correct way of practicing safely or directly whistleblow. Cii Describe what a social care worker must do if unsafe practice is reported but nothing is done to ensure it is corrected. Inform again about the issue not being mended, if nothing is still done, it would have to be reported. Ciii Describe three factors that may make individuals more vulnerable to abuse than others. Age Mental capacity Difficulty to be able to protect themselves from abuse Civ Explain how adopting a person centred approach which offers choices and upholds rights can empower an individual and help to reduce the likelihood of abuse. An empowered person is somebody that is not scared of expressing themselves, they are more likely to give there opinion and refuse or confront if there is any abuse directed to them. Cv Explain how encouraging and promoting active participation can help to reduce the likelihood of abuse. An individual by themselves is more prone to abuse, it is an easier victim, would have nobody to turn to for support or to confide in, nobody would really keep a close eye on somebody they don’t really have close. Cvi Explain how an effective and easy to use complaints procedure can help to reduce the likelihood of abuse. It makes it easier for the home and the care provider to be able to act fast and try to get a solution for any issue.

Compare and Contrast Two Books Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Compare and Contrast Two Books - Essay Example The workers were immigrants at the beginning of the twentieth century and are still immigrants today. Only their nationality has changed. A hundred years ago they were Eastern European and Caucasian. They emigrated from the then economically troubled nations of Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Romania, and Germany on board passenger ships traversing the Atlantic, travelling third-class or steerage. They entered the United States legally through the main immigration gateway at Ellis Island outside the New York harbor. Some of their number included children and younger women. (Sinclair, p. xxi) Today, they are of Latin origins, predominately Mexican, travelling, more often than not, illegally across the southern border of the United States on foot or by car, truck, or bus. And far more of their numbers are women than one hundred years ago. (Schlosser, www.mcspotlight.org/media/press/rollingstone2.html) The manner in which the workers live has also changed only on the surface, but the deeper characteristics of their lives remain a constant. The location of slaughterhouses in the nineteenth century began in the midst of large urban areas such as Chicago. (Sinclair, p. xxxiii) In the latter part of the twentieth century it was discovered that moving them closer to the feedlots was more economically efficient, and thus they are now located close to stockyards and feedlots in rural, agricultural areas of the United States. (Schlosser, web book) However, moving the workplace did not change the location or living conditions of the workers. One hundred years ago they lived â€Å"Back of the Yards†, in substandard housing within walking distance of the plants. The rancid odor of the plant and the thick acrid smoke of the factory smokestacks were their daily air supply. Organic waste was daily pumped into the Chicago River which also

Workers compensation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Workers compensation - Research Paper Example The wordings alone â€Å"workers compensation† have a lot to showcase a reaction that is usually negative. The negativity in it is a challenge to all stakeholders involved in the system. Insurance is involved, and as understood, it is also a business entity. The company as well is another business entity. Furthermore, the worker wants to gain from the company. It is therefore an interesting situation on how all these stakeholders play part in achieving a balanced interest that would act for the benefit of all. Challenges cannot be ruled out since this is a society of politics, but all in all, the worker has to receive his fair share of compensation. Workers compensation is a program that protects workers who are injured while on duty. The program comprises of laws that are designed to ensure that employees who are injured or get disabled while working are compensated with fixed monetary awards. The laws also provide benefits to the dependents of those who get injured as a result of work related accidents. Compensation has been defined as the payment of damages with an aim of restoring the life of a plaintiff to its normal state or as close as possible. Therefore, it has to include cover for the payment of damages, payment for medical treatment, and loss of wages (Lencsis, 1998). Workers compensation revolves around the fact that the employer pays for all injuries to employees no matter the fault. As suggested by Wertz and Bryant, â€Å"this concept is based on the opinion that the society has a moral responsibility to care for workers injured at work and their families† (2000, p. 2). Before the introduction of the workers compensation plan, workers suffering from work related injuries could sue their employers through the courts of law. This procedure was time consuming and expensive. The employees could also easily loose the court cases since

Management of innovation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Management of innovation - Essay Example Just like any real property, the intellectual property can also be sold. Additionally, intellectual property is owned by the person or persons that came up with the concept or ideas first. The reason why the intellectual property is bound by law is to exclude other people from using the intellectual property at hand without the owner’s consent, or depending on the law, the owner may protect against anybody using their ideas for financial purposes. This paper will discuss whether the intellectual property protection is beneficial, or whether it is a hindrance to innovation. The intellectual effort of an individual should be protected against abuse by other people or organizations. Protection acts as an incentive to the innovator, and inspires them to continue with their original work, and this improves the living standards of the innovator, and consequently propels the economic development of any nation (Ahearn 2012, p. 45). Intellectual property is very important to capitalists because this helps companies to become unique and very competitive as well as enhancing the economic growth, of the innovator, the investor and the entire nation (Bernstein 2010, p. 72). Intellectual property plays a very important role in the economic development and stability of states and nations. Most individual innovators and companies rely on the legal protection of their intelligent quality products for financial growth and constancy. Intellectual property plays a major role in the employment sector, with known intelligent quality companies creating jobs to millions of young innovators across the world (Sichelman 2010, p 347). Studies have shown that the employees in the intelligent property companies earn 30% more compared to their counterparts in other companies therefore creating a financial stability and satisfaction (Puric, Puric, & Vlaskovic 2013, p.

Why america should legalize marijuana Research Paper

Why america should legalize marijuana - Research Paper Example Following the call of Miron, huge expenditure is incurred on housing of the offenders of these drugs and on preventive measures against this practice. In fact, an expected saving of $7.7 billion on this ground is estimated if the drug is legalized. According to the executive summary of a report submitted by Miron, â€Å"The report estimates that legalizing marijuana would save $7.7 billion per year in government expenditure on enforcement of prohibition. $5.3 billion of this savings would accrue to state and local governments, while $2.4 billion would accrue to the federal government† (Miron). Another estimate shows that the taxpayers of United States incur an excess expenditure of $12 billion, which go into the fund spent for agendas conducted against marijuana intake, research on the drug, prohibiting domestic cultivation of marijuana, imposition of the law, prosecution and arrests of the smokers of marijuana. (â€Å"Should the U.S. Legalize Marijuana?†) Legalizing ma rijuana might save these costs. Also, forcefully trying to stop the sale of marijuana might not simply bring down the number of drug dealers. They might either engage in black marketing or simply deal with other harmful substances. When a certain good is prohibited it opens doors to black market activities and consequently the corruption and crime related to black market activities. If the drug is legalized it will lead to the reallocation of important resources of the nation. For instance, cannabis when legally distributed might be put to various useful purposes apart from drugs, for example it can be used for making paper, rope, soap, lotions, fuel and lubricants. It has found use in several medicines. (â€Å"Should the U.S. Legalize Mariuana?†) In fact the black market price of marijuana in United States is USD 10.4 per gram, higher than the countries of Argentina, Bolivia, Columbia etc. (â€Å"Price of Marijuana in the

Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints and Feast of Achelous Essay

Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints and Feast of Achelous - Essay Example The paper "Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints and Feast of Achelous" seeks to critique Raphael’s â€Å"Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints† and Peter Paul Rubens and Jan Bruenghel the Elder "Feast of Achelous". Whereas many forms of religious art during such a time were lavishly decorative while at the same time exhibiting a corresponding high level of artistic complexity, this particular piece of Raphael exhibits historical nuances that he untrained eye would not necessarily be able to pick up upon. For instance, whereas almost all of the religious iconography and paintings of the time and long before had pictured Christ as a naked baby, this particular piece was one of the first artistic expressions of Christ in a clothed state while still a baby. Many historians have attributed this to the fact that the nuns of the convent which commissioned Raphael to create the artwork had played a strong role in seeking to censor his style and demanded that a modest repre sentation of the male form be rendered. Moreover, the painting itself allows for some foreshadowing of the ways that Raphael’s career would develop. One need only consider the use and choice of colors that Raphael engages with, representation of the clean lines, and the minimalism and life figure portrayal of both the Madonna as well as Christ to seek to draw a level of inference onto the means by which his career would progress and mirror many of these artistic ideals. Likewise, the second painting that this brief analysis.

Assignment 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 8

Assignment 3 - Essay Example This article explains a very important skill which is needed in emergency treatments until another definitive airway is not established. The objectives of this article is to explain the functions of this mask briefly highlighting the important aspects in order to help an emergency medical technician to be able to use this skill. Important factors are discussed such as difficulty in BVM ventilation due to facial hair, lack of teeth, ages above 55 years, snoring history, and a BMI greater than 26. This article also explains the types and sizes of masks that are available. The most important objective of this article is to present a simple outline of the technique through which the mask can be used. This talks about the steps that have to be followed in order to successfully oxygenate and ventilate emergency patients. The competency in using this skill is through following the steps carefully and learning the important points which are mentioned in the article. The use of correct equipment which is an oxygen connector tubing, oxygen source, suction, NPA, and OPA; the patient must be positioned with towels under his head until his ear reaches the sterna notch; and then the technician must carry out the complete technique as mentioned. Competency will be achieved if the goals and objectives mentioned in the article are

McDonald's Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

McDonald's - Case Study Example McDonald has shown great business acumen, flexibility and commitment to these values to stand solid and gain competitive advantage through creating differential advantages in every segment. Political factors: government policy can have impact on the economy and business. By imposing higher tax on fast food industry government can influence the business and its profitability in a country where the business is situated. Government can fix up minimum wages or bonus for workers in chin stores that can inflate the wage bills of a fast food chain like McDonald. Economic factors: interest rates, taxation changes, economic growth, inflation and exchange rates ruling in the country of operation always affect the business. Many governments consider fast food stores as luxurious segment of business and impose higher taxes. Higher interest rates often deter investment because of higher costs for borrowing funds. Inflation keeps the fast food prices higher and deters youths the target customers to eat in McDonalds. Social factors: Changes in social trends can have impact on the demand for a McDonald's products. Workers may not be sufficiently available or not willing to work for the prescribed wage and benefit structure. The aging population in UK and Japan have made the labour cost higher. Young Turks who visit fast food chains more frequently prefer young faces to serve. Older workers claim longer and higher pension. Technological factors: new technologies create new products and new processes that can reduce costs, improve quality and lead to innovation. These new developments always benefit consumers as well as the organisations providing the products. McDonald can afford introducing these newer technologies better and provide benefits to its consumers. Environmental factors: The growing desire to protect the environment is having an impact on many industries and fast food is one of those. Government imposes many rules in order to protect environment. Environmentalists always campaign and raise issues on this external factor that is gaining importance everyday. Legal factors: legal environment in which firms operate is very vital. Significant legal changes in UK have affected McDonald. For example an increase in the minimum wage and greater requirements for firms to recycle. Legal changes usually affect a firm's costs. The planning and prosperity of a venture abroad is guaranteed only when the macro environment of the country where the business is operating is congenial enough to promote the business. For example the political system of the country is smooth enough to let the investment fructify and provide appreciable returns. The nature of government whether democratic or communist or military or dictatorship is a determinant factor. The political scenario, its local government, labour profile, leadership, media industry profile and general populace are important considerations. The social and cultural system of the country should also enable the local populace to accept the product for consumption. Global expansion made Mc Donald giant and truly multinational but had had to face many controversial issues on health,

Reagans War on Drugs Essay Example for Free

Reagans War on Drugs Essay The phrase â€Å"sex, drugs, and rock and roll† held true to its well-earned spot in 1970’s and 1980’s society. With a new, looser culture, explicit music, raunchy and rambunctious movies as well as a societal focus on many things immoral, it was an era of challenging social norms. As the use of recreational and psychoactive drugs, as well as alcohol, increased, a new problem arose; how does law enforcement and the government undo the damage being made by this new society? Laws were passed, bureaus and commissions were formed, and the President of the United States began what he called â€Å"The War on Drugs†. Over the years, some of these solutions have proven to make some impact. The initiation, tactics, and attempts at dealing a major blow to drug abuse have all affected the way America sees drugs today. A new type of warfare had made its way into the country, and after all these years, it has made its fair share of positive and negative effects. â€Å"Just say no. † (Reagan Declares War on Drugs, 1982). This was one of the many scare tactics used in America’s new war on drugs. The president needed to construct a plan to detract the public eye from drugs’ fame. Nancy Reagan was equally as adamant about keeping America safe and clean. She traveled to and spoke at many schools, enforcing the idea of simply refusing the temptation of drugs. Before the Reagan’s began their wartime, Richard Nixon introduced his own ‘war’ on drugs, stating, â€Å"America’s public enemy number one is drug abuse. In order to fight and defeat this enemy, it is necessary to wage a new, all-out offensive. † (Remarks About an Intensified Program for Drug Abuse Prevention, 1971). This mindset was yet another strategy used to make America energized and willing to fight this war. Nixon passed the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act in the 1970’s as a way to keep a constant eye on the drug industry. This act required the pharmaceutical industry to maintain physical security and strict record keeping for certain types of drugs. When Reagan became president he gave a speech, announcing, â€Å"We are taking down the surrender flag that has flown over so many drug efforts; we’re running up a battle flag. † (Reagan’s ‘War on Drugs’ Speech, 1981). America’s first clear attack on the use of drugs was verbal – this strategy temporarily affected the country, but more had to be done to combat this enemy. The United States and its’ presidents had to take a fighting stance if they wanted to decrease drug abuse. One of the first instances of this was President Nixon’s Operation Intercept. Announced even before the official ‘war’ on drugs began – in September 1969 – this campaign focused on reducing the amount of cannabis entering the United States from Mexico. Following this effort, the United States government funded the controversial Methadone Maintenance Program. Methadone Maintenance treatment, a program in which addicted individuals receive daily doses of methadone, was developed as part of a broad, multicomponent treatment program. † (Center for Disease Control, 2002). After Nixon’s trials and failures, President Carter went at the fight with a different, looser approach. Carter called for the decriminalization of marijuana. With a less vicious outlook, Carter believed that the punishment of a crime should not be more brutal than that said crime. President Carter’s tactic proved unworthy, as while he was in office, use of cocaine increased dramatically. Finally, as Reagan took center stage and stepped into presidential office, he kept a strong belief against this criminal act. Reagan created the Office of National Drug Control Policy to eradicate illicit drug use, manufacturing and trafficking of drugs, as well as put an end to drug related violence and crimes. Reagan put policies in place to strengthen his deadly grasp on drug-ridden society. He required mandatory minimum prison sentences for drug dealers – a policy he initiated in hopes of making drugs seem less glamorous and infinitely more criminal. He began the South Florida Task Force, which dealt with the increase of drug trafficking in Southern Florida. This force worked hand in hand with the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) and the Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI). Operation Swordfish was put in place by the DEA to attack international drug organizations. â€Å"The operation was dubbed operation swordfish because it was intended to snare the ‘big fish’ in drug trade. † (Drug Enforcement Agency, Operation Swordfish, 1980). Vice President George H. W. Bush began insisting that the CIA and U. S. Military become involved in drug interdiction efforts. The Drug-Free Media Campaign Act of 1988 was passed in hopes to convince America’s youth and future generations to stray away from drugs. After all of these battles, did America finally win this war? â€Å"The U. S. Federal Government spent over $15 billion in 2010 on the War on Drugs, a rate of about $500 per second. † (The Budgetary Impact of Drug Prohibition, 2010). This is a sign that perhaps Reagan’s War on Drugs wasn’t quite as effective as he had so hoped. The United States today has the highest incarceration rate and prison population of any country in the world. This is provided in part by the amount of arrests and incarcerations due to drug sentencing guidelines and policies. â€Å"In the 1980’s, while the number of arrests for all crimes had risen by 28%, the number of arrests for drug offenses rose 126%. † (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2010). This did not specifically mean that there were more drug-related crimes, but that law enforcement had simply cracked down on the arrests of said crimes. In comparison, Time Magazine’s study states, â€Å"Drug convictions went from 15 inmates per 100,000 adults in 1980 to 148 in 1996, an almost tenfold increase. More than half of Americas federal inmates today are in prison on drug convictions. In 2009 alone, 1. 66 million Americans were arrested on drug charges†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Time Magazine, 2012). While this war on drugs may still be in effect, it may have positive outcomes for further in the future. As for the time being, America has two main stances on the subject: some call for further reparations in the war on drugs, while others believe the war is unsuccessful, and the focus needs to be shifted to more important and dire issues. The War on Drugs has failed. † (19 Member Commission, June 2, 2011). In another instance, a poll was taken throughout the country, and its results, â€Å"three in four Americans believe that the War on Drugs is failing. † (October 2008 Poll). Suggestions of decriminalization have been made by many. The legalization of drugs is claimed to have many positive effects on the country as a whole, including positive economic effects. While this ‘war’ on drugs started off as a full-fledged attack on all users and distributors of illegal narcotics, it seems to have transformed into a war against itself: will continuing these attacks help the country, or will allowing certain, less harmful drugs to be legal prove to be a more reasonable solution? â€Å"Legalizing drugs would save taxpayers $76. 8 billion a year in the United States $44. 1 billion from law enforcement savings, and at least $32. 7 billion in tax revenue†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Harvard Study by Jeffrey A. Miron, 2008). In addition, the policies put into effect by Nixon and Reagan may ave had a positive impact on crime in the United States, but it may not have been in the way they had wished. â€Å"Drugs got enormously cheaper so users didn’t have to hit as many old ladies over the head and steal their pocketbooks. † (Travis Wendel, â€Å"More Drugs, Less Crime†, 2010). Murders, robberies and other violent crimes seemed to decline as the price of drugs went down – could this happen if drugs were legalized as well? America in this day and age has a vast amount of governmental and international issues in desperate need of resolution – is drug control still one of them? The United States of America is a country known by many as ‘land of the free’, but does this mean that its citizens should be allowed to participate in activities such as drug use with such a negative connotation? Did Reagan’s War on Drugs really make an effective impact on the way America sees drugs today? The answer to that question is this – while his tactics may not have worked the way he had desired, America as a whole has indeed seen less drug related crime. This does not mean it does not exist, nor does it mean that by legalizing drugs will solve all of the country’s problems. What this does mean is that Reagan’s war on drugs did not put an end to drug use, but it just may have opened America’s eyes to more clear and present danger. While drugs are in no way going to solve America’s problems, the once War on Drugs may now need to be adjusted to a name more fitting. A War on Crime as a whole perhaps? A War on Drug Related Violence? Reagan had the correct idea, now the country can put it into proper use. His War was not an end all war, but it just may have been enough to enhance America as a whole.

Effect of Mission and Responsibilities on a Business

Effect of Mission and Responsibilities on a Business OUTLINE TASK 1: EXPLORE THE SIGNIFICANCE OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND THE EUROPEAN DIMENSION FOR UNITED KINGDOMS BUSINESSES Introduction Importance of international trade, economic integration and global markets in Unilevers business The impact of two micro economic policies and the influence of the global economy on United Kingdom-based organizations and stakeholders Economic implications Economic Monetary Union (EMU) in the United Kingdom TASK 2: IDENTIFY THE MISSION AND RESPONSIBILITIES; INVESTIGATE THE ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT AND BEHAVIOR OF ORGANIZATIONS The mission, values and key objectives of Unilever and an assessment of the influence of its stakeholders An evaluation of the extents to which Unilever achieves its objectives of its stakeholders Unilevers responsibilities and the strategies it employs to meet them How economic systems attempts to allocate and make effective use of resources for Unilever The impact of social welfare and industrial policy initiatives on Unilever and the wider community How market structures which Unilever uses deviate from the model of perfect competition Relationship between market forces and Unilevers response The behavior and competitive strategies employed by Unilever and the role of Competition and regulatory bodies References TASK 1: EXPLORE THE SIGNIFICANCE OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND THE EUROPEAN DIMENSION FOR UNITED KINGDOMS BUSINESSES Introduction Organizational mission, objectives and responsibilities are some of the contemporary managerial issues. These are the tools which managers use to steer their organizations in a purposeful and holistic manner. Basically, organizational mission is the most important end to which an organization accordingly harnesses and utilizes its resources in order to achieve a desired level of output. Organizational objectives can be described as the key points which an organization seek to use for attainment of its mission. On the other hand, organizational responsibilities are the everyday tasks which an organization must carry out with regards to both its internal and external operations. These entire three management concepts work hand in hand. But for any entity to ultimately accomplish the mission and realize its objectives, it should have a good structure. For any organization, profit making or not, to stay true and in line with its aims, it must have a well thought out and executable design and structure. Both the organizational structure and design borrow from each other. An organizational structure is a format within which an institution or a business entity devises and executes its day to day operations. It can be described as process of coordinating the human resource, communication and technology as well as other resources within a given organization. For an organization to come up with a structure, it has to enlist the use of a versatile design. A design must support any type of organization to reach the goals it is aiming to achieve. Normally, the staff discusses the needs of the organization and then come up with a criterion to meet the needs. Good designs accompanied with deliberate workforce effort are essential to realizing an effective organizational structure (Burton et al, 2006). An organization cannot be successful if it does not have an effective organizational design and structure. Without these two, it is not possible to effectively run operations of an organization. The structure entails having good policies, rules, chain of command, principles and other factors which are considered when coming up with a good design. If all these determinants are not coordinated then the staff of an organization will lack cooperation and the organization will definitely not achieve its intended goals as well as meet its needs. Such failures reflect poor management skills. Organizations should design its appropriately structures so as to take care of every need that is already present or may arise. In this paper we are going to outline and discuss some critical issues in management. We are going to specifically analyze Unilevers managerial approach. Unilever is an eminent corporation headquartered in the United Kingdom. It has several investments and business interests spanning the entire world. Unilever mainly deals with Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG). FMCGs are the day to day commodities essential for even the most ordinary life. These are, for instance, soaps, body lotions, beauty products, tea leaves, tissue papers, cooking fats and many others. In the FMCGs industry, Unilever is an established and the most revered player. Since it deals with the production, distribution and eventual sale of the most essential commodities in life as well as operating in many countries, it is the most appropriate organization to use as a business environment case study. Importance of foreign international trade, economic integration and global markets in Unilevers business International trade is the exchange of goods and services through the borders. This type of business has formed the firm foundation in the modern business world because the manufacturers and distributors attempt to gain from a wider market rather than looking at their own borders. Each and every firm intending to throw its nets wide must focus on the globalization of its marketing and distribution operations. The foreseeable constraints of venturing into international trade are deeply rooted in the standardizations and trade barriers formed through economic integrations and blocs formations. Many economies have learnt that they cannot effectively compete with the do-it-alone approach. Therefore there is a rise in regional economies coming together and forming bigger economies. This grouping and regrouping of states have a huge impact on the social, political and most important economic dimensions of organizations. There many benefits that come along side this integrations as well as demerits. Any organization in need of these benefits and willing to take the accompanying risks will surely take these challenges and reap from the goodies of global market. Just like any other multinational firm, Unilevers presence in the global market has helped in the continuous development of new market segment. In order to benefit from the economies of scale, the corporation shakes off the saturation in the European domestic market by gathering for the needs of international buyers. International trade is also important bearing in mind the corporations portfolio resources and products. To tap from these undoubted benefits of international trade, Unilever utilizes the various available options of internationalization. The concept of mergers and acquisitions has given the corporation a huge milestone in venturing into international trade. Among the many firms that has entered in an international partnership with the corporation are: Pepsico which works together to market and distribute Lipton, a ready-to-drink tea, Inmarko which is the leading ice cream corporation based in Russia and the imminent acquisition of Sara Lee division of body and laundry production. In a nutshell, the company has been able to secure a total of twenty acquisitions. Unilever can therefore be said to be a global corporation based on the attributes described before. This is justified by its presence in many nations and the use coordinated brands in global market. It however has one centralized office in the United Kingdom which manages the entire strategy. The European Union policies which affect tariffs and free trade agreements are going to have a final trickledown effect on the revenues and operations of Unilever. The elimination of trade restrictions and barriers within the European market means that the revenues are going to rise because of easy penetration to domestic regions. The removal of all tariffs on trade is one of the major benefits enjoyed by the corporation. The impact of two micro economic policies and the influence of the global economy on United Kingdom-based organizations and stakeholders Microeconomic policies are so far successful in creating structural changes in United Kingdoms organizations. These policies are the kinds of long term modifications in the patterns of producing output. The immediate reforms achieved are the reduction in inflationary expectations and maximization of production and job opportunities. The main aim of microeconomic policies is developing the operations of organizations, industries and markets with an objective of improving aggregate supply levels. The United Kingdoms government has been at the forefront in seeing that efficiency, flexibility and less costly production is the order of the day because these factors indirectly affect the supply side of the economy. There is need for firms to maximize efficiency and minimize production cost through adoption of current technologies for production of goods and services. Organizations such as Unilever which are technically efficient will tend to minimize the quantity of resources required for a given production activity. The government of United Kingdom has tried to see that there is healthy competition in the country. Microeconomic policies help firms to oversee the conduct of sectors which are competitive in that all the players are given a chance to compete with the each other in the market. There are some micro economic reforms which uses approaches such as corporation structures and privatization. The United Kingdoms government has tried to improve micro economic reforms so that the long term constraints to economic growth can be eliminated. Constraints to economic growth could be brought about by inefficient allocation of resources, undeveloped infrastructure, unstable price structure and underemployment of available labor. As a result, producers increase their prices and consumers buy cheap foreign goods thereby dampening growth. In order to achieve microeconomic objectives, policy makers must remove the obstacles in order to have efficient allocation of resources which is ideally supposed to be automatically done by the markets. Due to the increased competition brought about by privatization and deregulation, firms will manage to reduce cost and increase productivity with an aim of maximizing profits. In order to cut production costs, Unilever has been replacing human labor with automated systems. Some critics view this as a precursor to unemployment in the country. Microeconomic policies are very useful because they tend to bring about the element of competition among players in any given sector. Competition makes some firms to struggle while others reduce their prices and move towards the profit margin. Others who are unable to stay afloat exit the market. When a firm has more profit which is obtained from its revenue, it will invest and expand its business. As a result the firm will need more employees thereby creating more jobs opportunities and indirectly expanding the economy (Yip, 2007). Economic implications for the United Kingdom of entry to the Economic Monetary Union (EMU) The Economic Monetary Union is the adoption of one currency by the European Union member countries. This move has been achieved through the development of one European Central Bank and formulation of a common monetary policy. Such adoption of single currency has elicited a series of mixed reactions due to the economic implications. Some school of thought may argue that the adoption of EMU is irrelevant because it focuses strictly on the financial services sectors (Smith Grant, 2003). The critics of Economic Monetary Union claim that putting together economies of different sizes is going to be detrimental. This will mean that the entire Europe economy will be the least common denominator. In simpler terms, the economic muscle of the member states is going to be achieved through striking a balance between the participating economies. The poorly performing economies are going to pull down the perceived successful ones. Despite this pessimistic view of EMU, there will ultimately be a lot of attractiveness of euro financial assets due to eliminated exchange risk and improved liquidity. In addition the stability in macroeconomic environment is very instrumental in reduction of financing and investments risks. It is no doubt that the introduction of euro as the common currency in the European Union has improved prices transparency. There are no fears by someone using euro resulting from using different currency (Smith Grant, 2003). The firms in the Unions territory are able to comfortably compare prices without worry of actual value being distorted by conventional highly and volatile exchange rates. From an external point of view, the consolidated EMU area is in a position to be self sufficient and independent of the Asian or American influences. Thus partnership has a political effect. The mutual relationships between nations are going to be fostered since the bad blood is eliminated by continually partnering in the formulation and improvement framework of the common market policies. The European Union firms, in which our organization of discussion is part, are going to increase their profitability through elimination of currency exchange transaction costs. Other trade focused proponents of this worth venture claim that no cent will be lost on the fluctuating exchange rates. Trading as a bloc makes Europe compete effectively with other regional giants in the Far East and America. In conclusion, all these discussed issues notwithstanding, Unilever is regarded as a strong organization with a big history behind it. It is an absolute truth that it has a future that is beyond limit. This can be evidenced by the way it is well organized and designed. It also deals with all its stakeholders on mutually beneficial basis. In addition, since it operates in many countries around the world, it has always upheld the rule of law while engaging with the various governments and in its operations. TASK 2: IDENTIFY THE MISSION AND RESPONSIBILITIES; INVESTIGATE THE ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT AND BEHAVIOR OF ORGANIZATIONS The mission, values and key objectives of Unilever and an assessment of the influence of its stakeholders The main mission of Unilever is to cater for the needs of the people in the world. The corporation envisages the desires of its customers by reacting to the market forces in a creative and competitive manner. This corporation is well established and its approaches are well rooted in the local cultures of the area which it operates in. This has aided it to capture and maintain an even wider market throughout the world unlike its competitors. Its long term success emanates from its commitment to customer satisfaction and unique standards of performance as well as quality in its products. The staff and the management collectively work as a unit and have the willingness to grasp new ideas and integrate quickly as possible. This firm believes that for it to succeed there has to be a consistent maintenance of corporate behavior among its workers, to the consumers, society, and immediate competitors as well. There is a high continuance of business codes, principles and regulations that char acterize its operational standards which are embraced by everyone in Unilever. The corporation performs its duties and carries out its obligation with a lot of honesty, uprightness, integrity, and sincerity. It respects human rights in relation to its staff employment and remuneration terms and by making sure that their interests are always put forward. Not only does it respect the rights of the staff but also the people and other firms it interacts with (Jones, 2005). Unilever makes sure that its staff adheres to the laws of every country which it operates in. The corporation has dedicated itself to improvement in an environment where there is common trust and value and where everyone is held liable for the performance and status of the firm. This corporation recruits, employ and support qualified candidates on individual basis of academic merits, experience and abilities required for each and every position it advertises. The management is dedicated to seeing that the socio-economic wellbeing of the staff is looked into and in doing so, it does not allow forced labor or compulsory labor to children. The staff is given freedom to freely associate with each other and with those outside the corporation. The staff benefits from effective communication system and receives regular support from the upper management of the organization in terms of consultation. On the other hand, consumers benefit from this corporation through being provided with high quality branded products and services whose prices are always stable. They are offered products which are of high utility and safe for its probable use. Before releasing any new product to the market, Unilever makes sure that the consumers are well informed about it through prior advertisements and appropriate branding (Jones, 2005). Similarly, its suppliers have greatly benefited from this corporation because they have established mutual working relationship with it and even its other business partners. Unilever also involves the society in its corporate activities and ensures that it has fulfilled its social responsibilities to the whole community. This corporation values the environment it operates in because it is committed to making continuous improvements within the organization with a view of constantly assessing environmental impacts with an intention of establishing long term. The corporation has developed fair competition laws among its staff. In their lines of duty, they have a natural inclination to conduct themselves in accordance with the principles of free and fair competition. There is high maintenance of business integrity in that both the staff and the management do not give nor receive any bribe. There is a rule that corruption should be reported immediately to the management. There is maintenance of a high rate of transparency because its accounting records are well audited and reported periodically. The code of conduct is also examined and anybody who breaches it is supposed to follow the procedures listed by the joint secretaries. This corporation has a management board which ensures that the principles set out are complied with. They also make sure that the principles set out are implemented to the letter. This board meets regularly to discuss emerging issues and oversee the whole corporation besides making major decisions. An evaluation of the extents to which Unilever achieves its objectives of its stakeholders The success of this corporation has been attributed to towering relationships which it has developed and maintained with a number of people and other organizations acting as its most direct stakeholders. Its stakeholders are the consumers, input providers and shareholders. Other stakeholders are the government, regulating bodies, the society, scholars, and individuals who are concerned with what the corporation produces and the impacts of it products on the consumers (Jones, 2005). This corporation manages to achieve its objectives by engaging its stakeholders in unique and different ways. The stakeholders are engaged in different levels and ways depending on their interest. The corporation sees that the interests of the consumers are also met. It continuously sends its team to the field so that they can analyze and understand various tastes, needs and trends of existing and targeted consumers. The corporation also holds several meetings with local governments and civil society organizations. The engagement with the governments is fundamentally based on issues like change of regulations, licensing, trade terms, tariffs and tax matters. It also engages other associated companies in several areas such as nutrition, and conducts various research projects with an aim of improving its products and market share. The key step of engaging the stakeholders is that most of it is made from the local levels, to regional levels and finally at the global arena. There is always an improved partnership with intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations throughout the world. This partnership brings in the much needed expertise and adds knowledge in several vital areas as well as bringing on board the practical initiatives from the ground. This corporation operates in using multiple approaches to guarantee its stakeholders contentment. For example on environment concerns, it is in no doubt that it has created a friendly atmosphere which will sustain its business for a long time to the future. It works hand in hand with other partners in making the environment safe and also provides information on the importance of maintaining a healthy environment. In Kenya, for instance, Unilever engages it social responsibility capacity to plant over a billion trees in the next five years. The corporation maintains and defends the right of its customers. Unilever has strong co-operation with the governments and various organizations which it engages with directly or indirectly for example trade unions. The main reason why this organization involves its stakeholders is because it is more concerned with maintaining its legitimate interests in business. To make sure that its objectives are observing corporate ethics, the corporation supports the introduction of competition laws. It also makes sure that the staff conducts their duties according to the rules and regulations of fair competition (Jones, 2005). This corporation values its staff such that it creates an environment where mutual trust is a main principle. This is why it offers safe and rich working conditions for the staff. It guarantees to its staff all the basic freedoms. Unilevers responsibilities and the strategies it employs to meet them The corporation makes sure that its consumers meet their everyday needs in matters of nutrition, sanitation and personal care. The corporation produces brands which make people feel good and gain more in life. Its key objective is sustainability which really acts as the backbone of the main business. Through the products that it sells to the consumers, it has an aim of inspiring people. It regards the customer satisfaction as a fundamental part of development and it is for this reason that the corporation is in touch with the society. In order to succeed, the corporation always ensures that corporate standards are maintained to the highest level possible. There are various fields in which Unilever deals in, some of the major ones are: nutrition, hygiene and personal care. The subsequent responsibilities undertaken by this corporation is clearly explained by the nature of business that it engages in. It is involved in promotion of its customers health diet and living standards in collaboration with healthcare bodies such as United Nations Children Education Fund (UNICEF) and World Health Organization (WHO). In order to provide healthy nutrition to the society, this corporation has developed new policies which promote proper diet and educate consumers of the importance of using healthy products. The corporation is involved in global campaigns which are related to hygiene. Through these campaigns it has managed to prevent, on a wider scale, some hygiene related diseases. This corporation ensures that the environment is managed accordingly through consideration of some factors such as farming, aquatic life and water. It has also introduced proper marketing programs which sustain fisheries and water conservation activities in the whole world. How economic systems attempts to allocate and make effective use of resources for Unilever The main aim of Unilever is to utilize resources available to it for maximizing profit in the various countries it operates. Its multidimensional products and status as a market leader in all other aspects and responsibilities emanates from a deeper background. This corporation has spread its wings to a wider world economy and is recognized as a responsible to the entire society. Having occupied this big space, this corporation has become the main target of attack from those companies which disagrees with the way it runs its business. Being one of the leading FMCG corporations with several interests represented both geographically and functionally. This firm utilizes various economic systems in seeing that economic resources are allocated properly. It uses central planning where the management identifies and designs the production of the kinds of goods and services required by the prospective consumers. After identifying these commodities, it produces and distributes them to the earm arked regions. The process of identifying the much needed goods and services globally needs proper deliberation and understanding of complexity of such an exercise. Several people are often involved in this exercise where factories and suppliers are given guidelines of what they ought to produce or not. This corporation has planners who approximate and plan the allocation of the required resources in producing the forecasted output. This corporation has employed many people who efficiently utilize these non-human resources to produce optimum output and are in turn given wages or salaries. The numbers of staff is also controlled for the corporation to plan how to cater for the amount of salaries and wages they will be paid. The reason behind planning for this allocation of resources is for employees to work towards realizing the optimum output. The management also plans for the prices at which these commodities will be sold at. By using free market economy, the corporation always focuses on demand and supply forces in determining both the prices and quantities for the commodities. The general public will create demand and supply which will later determine prices and quantities of output produced. The final market prices are very critical to both the producers and consumers in determining how much will be produced and supplied and bought respectively. By doing so, Unilevers management has several motives such as the reward of an enterprise, adequate information to producers and consumers, price that shows costs and benefits and the simplicity in which resources can be maximally allocated and utilized (Yip, 2007). The corporation takes risk of producing goods and services with an expectation of some returns after the sales are made. There is also the fundamental need to maximize revenues and minimize costs. For this to be realized, Unilever depends on the superior market information which enables it to access supplies at a low cost and to strategically place the prices of its commodities. It also has very effective mechanisms of systematizing production in the most competent way and looking for resources at an affordable cost. Consumers constantly require information which will guide them of what is in the market. This corporation needs to give the prices of the various commodities which it is offering in the market. Prices in any firm, is a focus point in that it gives a signal to both suppliers and consumers. Consumers have to know the amount of money they are supposed to part with for any given product. The amount of money allocated by consumers for a consumption of a product reflects its true value and the maximum possible utility they can draw from it. It is also notable that Unilever keeps on inventing and innovating new and viable ideas for all the products it can manufacture. By doing so, it is able to expand the demand and for new products as well as fostering higher and better returns. The corporation also focuses in procuring and moving the resources which are necessary to produce the new products. When a variety of complementary and substitutable products are availed in the marketplace, it gives the consumers multiple consumption choices and the competing firms will have to adjust their respective prices and quantities in order to maximize revenues and establish themselves in the market. The impact of social welfare and industrial policy initiatives on Unilever and the wider community The main purpose of developing industrial policies within organizations is to establish a course of action which will provide support that is helpful in achieving development goals which depends on manufacturing and industrial sectors. These policies justify that market failures hinder free markets and therefore many countries do not manage to achieve development targets. For this reason, government can overcome the problem of market failures through intervention and ensuring that there is free and fair competition. Industrial policies are very important because they tend to favor large corporations such as Unilever. These policies are widely accepted and supported because they provide a more effective way of dealing with market failures. In the process of dealing with market failures, the governments can come with better ways of accessing quality information, empowering legal and institutional frameworks, providing adequate infrastructural support, and avails to the business entitie s a favorable environment needed for industrial and economic development. In an effort of preventing or avoiding market failures, planners focus on industrial policies which attract and level competition. There are some unavoidable externalities which bring about increase in costs and therefore some interventions are more important and urgent than others because they aim at reducing these costs and realization of the benefits resulting from economies of scale. There are various externalities that hamper free and fair competitions which can either be within or outside business entities and countries. Examples of these externalities are perennial problems in the labor market which at times tends to be rigid and inadequate finances for stimulation of growth. The cost associated with accessing information is also a major externality which hinders open and fair competition. There are also those industrial policies which focus on ways of overcoming information externalities and by doing so, they create an enabling environment which permits organizations to compl y with international standards , engage in experimentation, come up with new product lines and access new markets while expanding the existing markets. Since Unilever makes proper use of industrial policies, it seems to enjoy good environment in which the producers will find resources required for the business. Economic growth is enhanced by an efficient market economy which allows access to markets and economic capital. The aim of industrial policy is to aid industrial sector and its growth. Being a non-governmental organization, Unilever sets crucial conditions for a complete strengthening of plurality and democracy in the societies which has its operations in. Therefore, the improvement of non-governmental organizations has an impact on individuals and the overall development of society. Social welfares are very important in the society because they lead to development of projects which are individually beneficial and can adjust to the need of the society. Projects which are beneficial to the society should be in the hands of private sector because they are very close to the society and understand their needs. How market structures which Unilever uses deviate from the model of perfect competition Market structure is the manner in which a corporation experience competition during the delivery of goods and services. The structures are very dynamic and both extremes do exist depending on the market in which one is operating and the type of goods being dealt with. The theoretically existing market structures are: perfect competition, monopolistic competition, oligopoly and monopoly. Out of these e

Schindlers List Essay -- essays research papers

PLOT SUMMARY  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The movie â€Å"Schindler’s list† is a compelling, real-life depiction of the events that occurred during the 1940’s. It illustrates the persecution and horrific killings of the Jewish people. It also exemplifies the hope and will of the Jewish people, which undoubtedly is a factor in the survival of their race. The most important factor however is because of the willingness of one man, Oskar Schindler, to stand out and make a difference.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The movie starts out in a Jewish home, where a Jewish family is celebrating the Sabbath. Candles are lit while songs are sung, and when the Jews leave the house, the candles slowly burn out. The German forces have just defeated the Polish, and now the Jews are being forced out of their homes. They are reporting to the train station where they register their names, and then are shipped off to Krakow. In Krakow the Jews are gathered together in the ghetto where they are forced to live in overcrowded conditions. The Judenrat, a Jewish council, organizes the Jews into working groups according to their abilities. Oskar Schindler, a German business man, visits the ghetto to talk to Itzhak Stern, a Jew who owns a pot-making factory. Oskar and Itzhak make a deal in which Schindler will take over the factory but Stern will be the plant manager. The Jews are once again sorted according to their education and working ability, those who cannot work are sent to extermination c amps while some of those who are able to, reported to Schindler’s factory. The Nazi’s decide that all of the Jews should be confined in forced labor camps. Schindler, who is now starting to feel some empathy and responsibility towards his workers, volunteers to confine his workers in his factory. In the next part of the film, thousands of Jews are shipped off to concentration camps. Their luggage is stolen and sorted through for valuables. Stern is mistakenly put on one of those trains, but Schindler quickly comes to his rescue. Amon Goeth is now in charge of the new labor camp in Plaszow. The Jews not only build the camp, but Goeth’s immense house as well. In the second half of the film, it is now March 13th, 1943, and the liquidation of the ghetto is taking place. Many Jews are unjustly killed as they are pulled from their houses or did not co-operate. Those who tried to hide are found and kill... ...l of the Nazi Party.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Denial is another theme in this film which helped to save the Jewish race. Even as they are forced into the ghetto and later into labor camps they are in denial of their real situation. When they are in the ghetto they are optimistic and believe that the bad times will pass, and even when killing surrounds them they won’t let themselves believe the worst.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are certain groups of people that cause these events to happen. Because of them there are people living in denial and people that are being ostracized every day. They do this because they are afraid that if they do not go along with what the majority does their will be reprisal. Everyone wants to believe that people are basically good in nature. But with the events that occurred in the film it is easy to see that people are easily influenced and would rather go along with the group then stand out and make a difference. Most people think that one person cannot make a difference. If more people would have taken a stand, then quite possibly more Jewish people would have been saved. One person does make a difference, Oskar Schindler proved that.

The Ransom of Red Chief Essay example -- Literary Analysis, O. Henry

The life of O. Henry ties in very closely with the narrative The Ransom of Red Chief. Life had been well until O. Henry had been accused of the embezzlement of bank funds. O Henry denied the indictment but was still put in jail. In prison, he wrote and published hundreds of short stories in order to support his daughter. O. Henry was once asked why he wrote; he replied that every story conveys something about being a person. Having been wrongly accused may have led O. Henry to communicate his belief that criminals receive what they deserve in The Ransom of Red Chief. O. Henry utilizes a first person point of view in his writing to emphasize the significance of a single character. The center of attention is mainly focused on Sam, the narrator (337). The first person point of view is the most limited for the perspective is only from one individual. However, this is useful when the author wants to focus the thoughts and actions of only one character. The first person point of view is recognized by the words â€Å"I† or â€Å"we†, as seen on page 337. O Henry’s conflict plays an important element in the narrative. In The Ransom of Red Chief, two conflicts are established, man vs. man and man vs. man. This is most common with the protagonist versus the antagonist or a good versus evil narrative. The most easily recognized is the primary conflict, where Bill and Sam kidnap Johnny and are desperate for money from Ebenezer (337). The secondary conflict occurs when Bill and Sam have difficulty managing Johnny (339). Interestingly, Johnny enjoys being kidnapped and relates it to a game of Indians and war (340). This creates an unexpected and twisting plot throughout the story. The two conflicts... ...e denouement. Bill swears that he will cross the Central, Southern, and Middle Western States, and be tripping for the Canadian border (347). As good a runner as Sam was, Bill was a good mile and half out ahead of him (347). This narrative best shows O. Henry’s opinion that criminals receive what they deserve. O. Henry integrates his own personal beliefs into the narrative The Ransom of Red Chief. O. Henry communicates a lesson to the reader that actions have their consequences. Likewise, in reality, criminals will not be tolerated and receive the deserved punishment. On the other side, people who commit good deeds will receive a long lasting reward. O. Henry communicates to the reader that evil deeds will lead to unforgiving penalties. But like the criminals people are given a second chance to run away and start a new life through Christ.

Essay examples --

Introduction As the number of Americans covered by managed care plans grows, it becomes more important to understand how managed care organizations (MCOs) control costs and how these controls affect access, quality, and health outcomes. This paper will examine patterns in referrals from primary care physicians (PCPs) to specialists in order to evaluate physicians’ satisfaction with this inter-physician communication and to identify problems in the referral process. Prior authorizations will also be studied in order to learn the criteria considered when deciding if a treatment or medication is medically necessary and appropriate. The reasons prior authorization systems are utilized and their effectiveness in controlling costs and constraining access will also be examined. Case management as a function of utilization management and methods for measuring quality and patient satisfaction will be discussed. Historical patterns of case management will be studied in order to evaluate the effecti veness of case management in managing costs. The implications of referral and prior authorizations systems for all stakeholders, MCOs, purchasers, providers, and consumers will be considered. Background/Understanding In MCOs, there are a variety of processes that are used to influence the practice style of a PCP. The method that causes one of the most controversial and frustrating aspects of managed care for the members and their PCP is the use of referral systems (Grumbach et al, 1998). A referral system is the process in which PCPs determine whether services that are performed outside of their office are medically necessary and appropriate. These referrals are used to send members to other physicians in order to gain the excess amount of care t... ...spects of care including, rehabilitation, home care, and health education. MCOs can also utilize disease management, which is a specialized form of case management to monitor and control certain individuals with specialized needs. Like case management, disease management is targeted at specific high risk and high cost medical cases but with a focus on diseases. Disease management is unique because it offers patients access to not only physicians but also other types of health care professionals including pharmacists and dieticians. The idea behind this is to provide each patient with all available resources to help control or eliminate their disease. Pharmacists can provide specialized knowledge on medication techniques and types while dietitians can provide information on healthy eating habits that can help ease symptoms of particular diseases (Kongstvedt, 2009).

Climate Change Caused by Human

Examine the role of one human activity in causing climate change With the rapid development of contemporary society, the balance between human and the nature has been destroyed. The increase of globally averaged temperature on the earth’s surface has occurred over the past century. Thus, climate problems have been the initial international issue to be handled. Industrial production is one of human activities causing climate change. Firstly, this essay will analyze how carbon dioxide and small carbon particles lead to climate change.Secondly, this essay will present the cooling effect of Feron on global temperature. Finally, this essay will discuss how deforestation in expanding industrial land changes climate. The combustion of fossil fuels is inevitable in industrial production, because it provides extreme high temperature and continuous heat. It is the direct contributor to climate changes by emitting large amounts of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, methane, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide. The concentration of carbon dioxide has increased since industrial revolution.In the past ten years, the situation has deteriorated, as the increase in the concentration has become far quicker than previous predictions (Adam, 2007). The majority of carbon dioxide emission results from fossil fuels. Due to the increasing atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide, more sun energy is absorbed and trapped in the atmosphere, enhancing greenhouse effect (NDPI, 2008). Not only greenhouse gases but also carbon particles, consisting of heavy smoke which is produced by burning fossil fuels, are responsible for climate change.These particles gather in clouds, increasing the density of the atmosphere, which causes sun heat radiation be absorbed and trapped inside the earth without being released. With less heat reflecting back to the space, negative impacts on earth’s warming are amplifyed. Consequently, burning fossil fuels in industrial production is a major cause of climate change. Freon, used as refrigerant in some industrial equipment, is another greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change.This gas will corrode ozone layer, which helps to prevent ultraviolet rays from reaching the Earth, by several chemical actions; whereas the gas itself plays the role of catalyst, which means it will not reduce when decomposing ozone. If the earth is exposed to excessive ultraviolet rays, humans will suffer from skin diseases and the ecological environment will be under a dangerous condition. The news said that both Antarctic and Arctic sky had holes and the holes were expanding. It is a warning that requires effective measurements to reduce the release of Freon.Contrary to general perspective, the depletion of ozone has a net effect on cooling the Earth’s surface instead of warming it (Hamgurg, 1997). However, this greenhouse gas is still responsible for climate change. In order to enlarge factories, people require more flat lan d, leading to deforestation, which is another cause of climate change in industrial production. Thousands of forests are being cut down every year, posing a serious problem that destroying the balance between carbon and oxygen to the nature.If the area of forests continue to reduce, extra carbon dioxide cannot be absorbed and not enough oxygen can be produced, which means that the nature will lose the capability of adjusting the composition of atmosphere. Without the proper percent of oxygen in the atmosphere, various plants will be unable to survive, resulting in the increasingly severe destruction of the carbon and oxygen balance. Eventually, this negative cycle in the nature enhances climate change. In conclusion, industrial development plays a vital role in climate change.The emission of Feron erodes ozone layers, which cools the temperature; the combustion of fossil fuels in order to gain extreme high temperature and provide continuous heat, as well as deforestation which creat es more space for factories, increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which is a significant cause of the warmer climate. Reference: Adam, D. (2007) Carbon output rising faster than forest, say study. The Guardian online. Available at: http://www. guardian. co. k/environment/2007/oct/23/climatechange. canbonemission (Access 17 January 2011) Hamburg, S. R. et al. (1997) What Human Activities Contribute to Climat Change? Washington DC: United Environment Programme-World Meteorological Organization. Available from: http://www. gcrio. org/ipcc/qa/06. html (Accessed 17 January 2011 ) NSW Department of Primary Industries (2008), What is climate change? Available from:http://www. dpi. nsw. gov. au/research/topics/climate-change/cause (Accessed 17 January 2011)

Working in the Shadows Ch 4

Justin Falcone October 19,2012 Homework # 5 Chapter # 4 Journal In reading chapter 4 in working in the shadows we have seen that Gabriele is on his last week of training. Gabriele is giving the job to cut the four rows of lettuce that are in the path of the machine where the lettuce is stored in the boxes. Gabriele is realizing that 4 rows is a lot and his has to get them done. In this chapter you as the reader really realize all the courage, ambition and strength that Gabriel has. Gabriele has started cutting the lettuce the first day Gabriele couldn’t cut 25 heads before having to stand straight up and relax and stretch his back.Gabriele stayed strong and kept up with his cutting and as the days went up Gabriele has cut thousands of lettuce and was on his way to finish up his rows. In this chapter it tells us that Gabriele starts working with the rest of the group and tells us all the struggles that Gabriel is going threw. Between the aches and pains and the soreness, Gabrie l needs to stay strong, it really allows us as the reader to wonder how hard these immigrants are working. As Gabriele goes on with his workdays no matter how hard he is working he is getting yelled out to work harder even though he believes that he is keeping up with the rest of the workers.Something that caught my eye that I feel this chapter was manly about was the immigrant worker towards the American workers in the United States. On a Sunday morning Gabriel went to visit Mateo, and the comments Mateo where making for me as an American worker in the United States take it personal. Basically trying to say that Mexican and immigrant workers work much harder where they work in there country, and that us Americans only sit in offices and work on computers all day.Something that was left out in this chapter could have answered these comments for me and for Mateo that we as Americans work harder then these immigrants think we do. Gabriele could have given stories or even experiences h e had with working to back up us Americans. At least explain that the reason why immigrants get into the United States and take the labor jobs from many American workers is because immigrants allow the low pay and the extra hours of work, because it isn’t anything new for them.As seen in lettuce picking with the extra hours and the low pay, these immigrants don’t have a choice they need to take these jobs. Towards the end of the chapter Gabriele is explaining how hard this job is for him, one of the hardest and Gabriel has taking 2 days off to relax his body. This job I making Gabriele dream about it that how much he thinks about it and worries about going to work every day. After all in my eyes Gabriel realizes that this job is putting a number to him, but he will not quite, he will work threw pain and suffer no matter what.

How Language Develops in Children

For every parent, language development in their children is a fundamental aspect that must be given importance as many parents are concerned about the progress of their children when it comes to learning to speak and to understanding words and their meanings. The child’s communication skills are further developed through the interactions they have with other people. That’s why parents must continually provide the interaction needed so that their children’s progress is continuous and steady. Language development is defined as the process in which young children understand and communicate language during early childhood. Rafanello says that it is acquired more quickly in the first five years of a baby’s life (1). The amazing thing is that even before the baby is born, he can differentiate native language and other languages. This is because when they are still inside the womb, they hear and respond to familiar voices, especially the mother’s. An infant’s brain goes through changes after birth. Trillions of pathways develop between brain cells, and these pathways will allow the baby to learn and think, and then talk, and whatever stimulation a baby has during the early years of his life will mold and strengthen these brain pathways. Caregivers of these babies, especially the parents, need not worry because there are so many opportunities for a child’s language skills to be further enhanced. Rafanello added that the experiences of an infant with language in interaction with parents and other people around him will impact his overall development (1). A baby communicates through facial expressions, coos, gestures and verbal cries. In the article â€Å"Language Development in Children,† it says that even before a child can speak, he can understand words. It also adds that the language spoken to a baby from birth will enable him to comprehend the words and later on speak them. Language development in babies starts through gestures and facial expressions. Through these, a baby can express his comfort or discomfort, unpleasantness and even satisfaction. There will be words that will have emotional significance on a baby, and these are usually the words that he will pay attention to. A study showed that as early as twenty-four weeks, an infant can differentiate between â€Å"bah† and â€Å"gah.† Another study showed that a month old infant can â€Å"associate sucking behavior to the sounds of â€Å"b† and â€Å"p.† Later on in his life, he will learn to â€Å"babble† and form his own language (â€Å"Language Development in Children†). It is of importance that parents talk to their children, as this stimulation with the language environment has value. It is said that a baby learns to connect words with his emotional experiences and this will provide him the motivation to talk, or to express his feelings through â€Å"babbling.† As the baby grows, he will attempt to create sounds in trying to communicate with the people around him. A study cited in the â€Å"Language Development in Children† showed that when a person pronounces words very clearly to an infant, it will help the infant to understand. This is a very important measure of a baby’s language development so that he can comprehend words and their meanings. A baby will also learn that his babbling will gain the attention of those who are around him. Listening is an important step before a child can learn. When a baby listens to a lot of things, he can develop and expand his vocabulary and improve his IQ. This is also the result of a study of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD). Aside from the larger vocabulary, a baby’s language skills are more complex when they are raised in high-quality child care environment (Rafanello 1). Moreover, â€Å"live† language can tremendously improve the language skills of child. To be able for children to comprehend language, they must hear it in association with what happens around them. Through this, language does not become merely noise. Another important thing for a parent to remember is talking directly to the baby even before he can talk back. This facilitates understanding of a word or words that are spoken many times. The best and natural way for a baby to learn the meanings of words is talk to him in relation to what is happening. Actions and descriptions of objects or thoughts will also help the baby to associate words with them. A study by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) showed that a positive interaction is connected with language development. Furthermore, a child can learn better through language-based interactions with his parents or the people around him. At times, a baby repeats a word many times, such as â€Å"bah† in reference to the same object. When he grows, he learns to speak other sounds. For instance, a baby can make sounds when he is in his crib. When his mother approaches and talks to him, the baby’s sounds become frequent. This is a very significant step as it opens another opportunity for the speech development of a child. If a baby is stimulated, he will use his vocal cords many times. This also makes way for increased social stimulation from other people to him. The following presents the language development of children at certain ages. Even before birth, language development takes place, especially when a mother constantly talks to her unborn child. According to Alic, infants become familiar with the human voice. She adds that infants pay more attention to a human face, more importantly when it is talking. At infancy, babies either quiets down or smiles when they are spoken to. Turning towards familiar sounds and voices are also characteristic of infants. Moreover, they communicate through chuckling, gurgling, whimpering and cooing. They can also produce sounds such as â€Å"ohh† and â€Å"ah.† They also communicate and express their needs through crying. Between three and six months, an infant can show responses to changes in a tone of voice. He also learns how to vocalize his pleasure or displeasure. Moreover, he laughs, sighs, squeals, blows bubbles, babbles and sputters loudly to get the attention of people around him. He also learns t use gestures to communicate his desires. Additionally, he can cry differently if he is in pain or hungry. An infant this age can also shape his mouth to change sounds. His new collection of vocabulary includes sounds such as â€Å"b†, â€Å"m† and â€Å"p† (Alic). Six to twelve months of age marks the most critical period for receptive language development. Receptive language development is the infant’s ability to comprehend language. During this age, an infant responds to their names. He also learns how to listen keenly to speech and other sounds. He expresses his moods through body language and sound. He can also play with sounds. Aside from these, he can respond to friendly or angry tones and can repeat syllables. He also communicates through imitation of intonation or speech sounds. At this age, he uses his tongue to change sounds and babbles with as many as 12 sounds in a singsong pattern. He can also make long sounds (Alic). In his seventh month, an infant can vocalize syllables such as â€Å"Dada† or â€Å"Mama† (Child Development Institute). Rafanello added that at this stage, an infant’s babble has long and short group of sounds such as â€Å"tata upup bibibibi.† His vocabulary now includes one or two new words such as â€Å"bye-bye,† â€Å"dada,† â€Å"mama,†, â€Å"no,† or â€Å"uh-oh† (6). An infant between nine and 12 months can listen when he is spoken to. Moreover, he can give responses to simple requests. He also recognizes the names of his family members and even the names of common objects. He also understands the word â€Å"no.† He repeats sounds, exercises intonation, uses the words â€Å"dada† and â€Å"mama† for any person, connects voices and names with people, makes use of sounds other than crying for their needs or to get attention, shouts and screams, knows their own names, understands gestures babbles two to three syllable repeated sounds. By 12 and 18 months of age, a toddler can now use partial words, recognize names, laugh appropriately, use words that start with â€Å"b,† â€Å"c,† â€Å"d,† and â€Å"g,† make gestures and say â€Å"no,† understand and follow directions, and ask for help using sounds and gestures. He can also use complete words and understand certain words, such as â€Å"up,† â€Å"down† and â€Å"hot.† Moreover, a toddler this age learns to form sentences by putting two short words together. This age also marks the toddler’s understanding of words associated for everything; their language development is steady. Alic says that the majority of a toddler’s first words are universal. They consist of names of foods or family members. By the age of 18 to 24 months, a toddler has a collection of 20 to 50 intelligible words. He can now say more words each month and put two words together such as â€Å"more cookie† (Rafanello 6). His vocabulary also consists of nouns. He can follow simple commands and use two pronouns correctly. The pronouns I, me and you are commonly used. He also follows command such as â€Å"show me your eyes.† A two- to three-year old toddler is able to use short sentences to ask for things, and he has a word for almost everything. Those around him can understand his speech (Rafanello 6). His vocabulary now consists of 400 words, which include names. As early as this age, the toddler can repeat the stories, songs or rhymes he hears. He can also describe his experiences through three- to five-word sentences. By three to four years of age, a child can talk through sentences that have four or more words. If a child attends preschool, he can talk about the activities he does there. He can also converse with others and ask questions. At this age, he can use pronouns correctly. His collection of vocabulary is much bigger, usually consisting of 900 to 1,000 words (Alic). At this age, a parent is suggested to communicate with his child through self-talk, which is another way of enhancing language development. The parent can start by telling his child â€Å"I am picking up your toys.† When a child is aged four or five, his language skills further develops. According to Rafanello, a child this age exhibits ease in communicating with adults and children. However, he may have difficulty with certain sounds, such as j, l, ch, r, s, sh, th, v, z. He has the ability to speak with lots of details (6). He can now describe things and has a better grasp of number and time concepts. Moreover, he knows things about himself, such as his age. His understanding of number concept includes counting from one to ten. Language development can be further developed through continuous interaction with the people around the child. Language development can also be enriched when a child is exposed to an environment rich in language and language-based interaction. If a parent regularly reads and talks to his child, it can have an impact in the child’s ability to communicate with others. However, a parent must remember that the ability of children to learn is not the same for everyone. While one child may show quick progress, such as forming a sentence, another may have problems dealing with speech or language delay. There are times when a child exhibits mild or temporary delays. These delays can affect about six percent of children. There are factors which can affect the delays. A child may be experiencing genetic disorders, hearing impairment or development disorders. The good thing is if these disorders are detected earlier, they can be treated or prevented in their early stages. Although children show different rates when it comes to language development, it is best not to compare a child’s language development with another. Parents must make sure that the language development of their children is steady, and not just fast or slow. They must also provide an environment where their children have a room to learn things. Aside from this, parents must assist their children’s development in any way possible. Works cited Alic, Margaret. â€Å"Language Development.† 2007. About.com. 9 December 2007 < >. â€Å"Language Development in Children.† Child Development Institute. 9 December 2007 . Rafanello, Donna. â€Å"Facilitating Language Development.† Healthy Child Care America, Summer 2000: 1-6.      

Development and Training – Essay

Effective training plans teach employees the skills ND behaviors that help the organization achieve their defined goals. Struck is the number one specialty coffee retailer serving millions of people in 16,000 locations in 50 countries (Struck, 2010). Struck employees go through vigorous training to ensure that each cup of coffee Is brewed to perfection. While Struck may have a well-trained staff, errors can be made, and additional training may be needed.The needs assessment is the process of evaluating the organization, individual employees, and employees' tasks to determine what kind of training, if any, is necessary. An organizational analysis of Struck shows that It Is an organization that concentrates on serving a niche market and needs to continually update its workforce on specialized skill sets. Effective training objectives have three components and should include the following measurable performance standards: 1 A statement of what the employee Is expected to do, the perform ance or outcome. . A statement of the quality or level of performance that Is acceptable. 3. A statement of the conditions under which the trainee is expected to apply what he or she learned. Data gathered from the organization, and task analysis will help identify raining materials needed to develop an effective training program. Struck Is a successful company not only because it serves a great cup of coffee but also because the company has developed a great culture with a leading training program for its managers and employees.One of the first things that a new employee at Struck learns is that all employees are called partners. Struck calls their employees partners because they openly value and respect each partner and acknowledge that their success would not be possible without the contributions they make on a daily basis. Partners are coached on the Star Skills, three guidelines for on-the-job interpersonal relations: (1 ) maintain and enhance self-esteem, (2) listen and acknow ledge, and (3) ask for help (Struck, 2010).Struck has numerous proprietary processes and recipes so they do not often contract or outsource their training. Most of the training partners receive is hands-on and provided by experienced partners and the management team at the store. The bulk of a new partners training Is spent on proper beverage preparation. This training Involves such satellites as grinding the beans, steaming milk, learning to pull perfect shot of espresso, remembering the correct amount of shots and syrup pumps the different FIFO Arles require, Ana practice, practice, practice on making ten core coffee Diverges.Struck sets drink standards to be memorized and followed. Milk must be steamed to at least 150 degrees Fahrenheit but never more than 170 degrees unless the customer requests it to be hotter. Always pull a perfect espresso shot if the shot is shorter than 18 seconds or longer than 23 seconds it must be tossed out. Always have fresh coffee a new pot is to be b rewed every 20 minutes. If a customer is satisfied with his or her experience or beverage partners are empowered to compensate them with a Struck coupon for a free drink (Thompson & Strickland, 1999).Additional lessons are provided on how to clean the milk wand on the espresso machine and how to calibrate the espresso machines for the perfect grind. The amount of information that a new partner has to process can oftentimes be overwhelming so to help out they are provided with laminated recipe cards for all the drinks on the menu and a pocket-sized green apron book that covers the star skills and fits perfectly their green apron, online training for the cash register and loneliness standards, and the support of all the other partners on the floor.The training received by partners can seem intense but the teamwork and culture created leaves customers with such great impressions the often return Just for the enjoyable experience As the staff becomes seasoned, some of the training gets forgotten and mistakes happen. â€Å"In its campaign to revive the intimate, friendly feel of a neighborhood coffee shop, Struck orchestrated the closing of 7,100 of its American stores at precisely 5:30 p. M. Or a three-hour retraining session for employees† (Grumman, 2008, Para. 2). The training objective is primarily focused on recipe consistency so Struck decided their plan would be more effective by incorporating in-house expertise as part of the training medium. The program will combine the presentation and hands-on training methods where employees receive information individually, and in a group sessions to have the opportunity to actively practice the specific skills being taught.The group sessions allow employees to discuss new techniques to improve the taste and texture of drinks as well as share best practices for maintaining beverage consistency while adhering to the standards or espresso shots and milk quality. Refresher training is an excellent tool to keep seas oned staff trained on the basics and to reduce the amount of errors made. This type of training is very informal and can be done at the store as opposed to in a classroom. An on-the-spot correction is a type of refresher training that can be done relatively quickly.If an employee makes an error making a cup of coffee, he or she can be given refresher training immediately. Managers will have to ensure that this training is not done to demean the employee, but to re-inform him or her of the proper steps. Another on-the-spot correction that can be made is with customer service. Each employee is given four hours of customer service training before entering a store. Sometimes, the basics can be forgotten, and human nature can override training on any given day.In this case, managers can pull an employee aside and remind him on how important customer satisfaction is to Struck. Again, this is not meant to embarrass the employee, but simply to retrain the basics. It is important that refres her training be done at the store and not in a different location. On-the-spot corrections cannot be trained in a classroom because it loses its efficiency. This training needs to happen immediately (or a few hours) after an error NAS occurred so ten employees can learn ten proper steps quickly Ana prevent Torture errors of that nature.It is also important to note that employees learn better in their own environment and would be able to use their refresher training immediately. Once the training needs and objectives are identified, training materials are created, and the training medium is agreed upon the next step is implementation of the training process. The way people learn is an important factor to consider in the implementation process of any training program. Learning objectives must be communicated clearly and presented distinctly so that trainees link the subject matter to their Jobs and the organization's goals.Multiple delivery techniques can be used to train employees su ch as traditional presentations or lectures that are given in classroom settings, the use of computer-based training (CB) on-line, internships or work-study mentoring programs, simulation training, or hands on-the-Job training (JOT) techniques. The training context or physical environment should mirror the work environment. Training sessions and materials should use familiar terms, concepts, and examples.Any of the techniques Struck selects is dependent on their training objective, the materials covered, and the timeshare in which the employee is expected to develop the learned traits. When the course objectives call for presenting information on a specific topic to many trainees, classroom instruction is one of the least expensive and least time-consuming ways to accomplish the goal. The refresher training program Struck developed is centered primarily on JOT techniques and is expected to be more effective because the trainers will enhance heir lectures with Job-related examples an d trainees have opportunities for hands- on learning.The on-site instructors or facilitators are available to answer questions and give immediate corrective feedback. Evaluation is an integral part of the training and development process. Evaluation tools help to determine the effectiveness of the training programs and materials that employees receive. Evidence suggests that because of insufficient budget or time, lack of expertise, blind trust in training solutions or lack of methods and tools, the evaluations are often inconsistent or missing (Ma, 2006).At Struck it is all about the customer experience customer satisfaction is how Struck evaluates the effectiveness of their training processes. They have implemented a few processes to get feedback from their customers these include secret shoppers, customer comment cards, customer care phone number, and online surveys that print on random customer receipts throughout the day. All of the information is gathered together and sent dir ectly to the store management, the management to assess the training needs for their store then uses the comments and feedback provided.The first order of good service in the food industry is employee knowledge. Employees should know about the organizational goals, the products, and their preparations as well as the ability to share that knowledge with customers. If an employee does not know or understand what they are talking about they cannot sell or serve effectively (Turning, 2000). Struck offers a dizzying array of coffee drinks and expects their employees to be fully versed in how to make the drinks consistently because this is the foundation of the Struck concept.